Ear Infections in Dogs?

Why does it happen?

This page is for information and reference purposes only. 

It is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
Always speak to a qualified veterinary surgeon about your pet’s individual needs before starting, changing, or stopping any treatment.

Ear Infections in Dogs  –  Why does it happen?

Ear infections (otitis) are very common in dogs. They can affect the outer ear (otitis externa), middle ear, or inner ear. Most infections start in the outer ear canal and can be painful and itchy. If left untreated, they can spread deeper and cause serious complications like balance problems or hearing loss.

Why Do Ear Infections Happen?

The ear canal in dogs is long and L-shaped, which easily traps moisture and earwax. Common causes include:

Allergies (the biggest cause) — food allergies, environmental allergies, or flea allergy.

Excess moisture — from swimming or bathing.

Ear mites (especially in puppies).

Foreign bodies (grass seeds).

Bacteria or yeast overgrowth (often secondary to allergies).

Anatomy — breeds with floppy ears (e.g. Spaniels, Labradors) or narrow ear canals (e.g. Shar Peis) are at higher risk.

Many dogs have underlying allergies that keep causing repeated infections.

Main Signs of Ear Infections

Head shaking or tilting

Scratching or rubbing the ears

Red, swollen, or smelly ears

Brown, yellow, or black discharge

Pain when the ears are touched (the dog may yelp or pull away)

Hair loss around the ears

In severe cases: balance issues, walking in circles, or facial paralysis

Chronic infections can lead to thickened, narrowed ear canals.

ear infection in dogs
How We Treat Ear Infections

Treatment depends on the cause and severity, but the key is cleaning + medication + fixing the underlying problem.

Typical Treatment:

Ear cleaning: Your vet will flush the ears (often under sedation if very painful) and show you how to clean them safely at home.

Medicated ear drops: Usually contain a combination of antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Tablets: Antibiotics or anti-yeast medication if the infection is severe.

Pain relief and anti-itch medication: To make your dog more comfortable.

Treat the root cause: allergy management, improved flea control, or a diet change.

Follow-up: Re-checks are important as many infections need 2–4 weeks of treatment.

Key Take-Home Messages

Never use human ear drops or leftover medication as they can make things much worse.

Regular ear cleaning (as advised by your vet) helps prevent recurrence in dogs prone to ear infections.

One infection often means more in the future unless the underlying cause (usually an allergy) is addressed.

Floppy-eared and hairy-eared breeds need more frequent ear checks.

See your vet at the first sign of ear problems.  Early treatment prevents chronic pain and narrowing of the ear canal.

This information is for reference only and should not replace advice from a qualified veterinary surgeon. Always speak to your vet before starting, changing, or stopping any treatment for your pet.

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